Description_x000D_ General description_x000D_ The C-Peptide Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) Kit is an in vitro quantitative assay for detecting C-Peptide peptide based on the principle of Competitive Enzyme Immunoassay. EIA-CPE-1 only detects C-peptide, not Insulin A or B chain._x000D_ Immunogen_x000D_ C-Peptide , synthetic peptide_x000D_ Application_x000D_ For research use only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures._x000D_ Please refer to the attached General ELISA KIT Procedure (sandwich, competitive & Indirect ELISA)_x000D_ Biochem/physiol Actions_x000D_ C-peptide inhibits endothelial dysfunction under high glucose conditions via inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. Experimental studies suggest that prolonged dosage of physiological concentration of C-peptide to type 1 diabetes patients minimizes diabetes-induced complications, such as glomerular hypertrophy and mesangial matrix expansion by interrupting transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) signaling pathway. C-peptide reduces diabetes-induced glomerular hyperfiltration by contraction of the afferent arteriole, dilation of the efferent arteriole, and by inhibition of tubular reabsorption. C-Peptide also plays a crucial role in renal pathophysiology. C-peptide binds to a cell surface receptor that is likely to be G-protein coupled. This interaction stimulates various cellular functions such as increasing intracellular Ca2+ concentration, enhancing PI3-K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) activity, increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) transcription, and activation of the Na+/K+ ATPase and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway.