LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE FROM PSEUDOMONAS AERU

Description_x000D_ General description_x000D_ This product is TCA extracted from Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype 10. The source strain is ATCC 27316._x000D_ Packaging_x000D_ 10 mg in poly bottle_x000D_ 100 mg in glass bottle_x000D_ Application_x000D_ Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMPs)._x000D_ Biochem/physiol Actions_x000D_ Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are localized in the outer layer of the membrane and are, in noncapsulated strains, exposed on the cell surface. They contribute to the integrity of the outer membrane, and protect the cell against the action of bile salts and lipophilic antibiotics._x000D_ Preparation Note_x000D_ The product is soluble in water (5 mg/ml) or cell culture medium (1 mg/ml) yielding a hazy, faint yellow solution. A more concentrated, though still hazy, solution (20 mg/ml) has been achieved in aqueous saline after vortexing and warming to 70-80 oC. Lipopolysaccharides are molecules that form micelles in every solvent. Hazy solutions are observed in water and phosphate buffered saline. Organic solvents do not give clearer solutions. Methanol yields a turbid suspension with floaters, while water yields a homogeneously hazy solution.